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I look forward to hearing from you soon. Thank you and best regards.
A fundamental challenge in this area is simply finding baseline data that describe telephone use during emergencies. I am interested in both qualitative and quantitative data, including surveys, interviews, situation reports, traffic measurements, etc.
Ideally, I want to establish a profile of telephone use that addresses changes in call volume, suggests major problems experienced with call completion, and describes how the public telephone network is typically used by emergency and community organizations during response and recovery activities.
If anyone knows of the whereabouts of such data, or of any other information that you feel may be of interest, please contact me at gagow@sfu.ca.
Thank you,
Gordon Gow
PhD Candidate, School of Communication
Research Assistant, Telematics Research Lab
Simon Fraser University
Vancouver
Canada
E-mail: gagow@sfu.ca
Sincerely yours,
A. Ardalan MD,MPH
E-mail: ali_ardalan@hotmail.com
In passing the legislation, Congress recognized that a greater emphasis needs to be placed on identifying and assessing risks from natural disasters, implementing adequate measures to reduce losses, and ensuring that critical services and facilities will continue to function after a natural disaster.
Here are some highlights of that lengthy piece of legislation:
The bill creates a National Predisaster Mitigation Fund and authorizes funding for the next three years. The act grants the president authority to provide Mitigation Assistance Awards - technical and financial assistance to states and local governments that have identified local risks and have formed effective public-private partnerships. Each state is to recommend to the president up to five local governments to receive funding. Assistance awards are to be based on the extent and nature of hazards to be mitigated, the degree of commitment by the state or local government to reduce damage from future disasters, ongoing commitment by states and local governments for hazard mitigation, the compatibility of hazard mitigation efforts with state goals and priorities, and other criteria. The federal government may provide up to 75% of financial assistance for mitigation activities in most communities, and up to 90% of costs in small, impoverished communities. The legislation also requires the creation of "Multihazard Advisory Maps" in no less than five states subject to recurring hazards, such as floods, hurricanes, and earthquakes.
The act repeals the Individual and Family Grant Program under the original Stafford Act and replaces it with a new section specifying federal assistance to individuals and households. The act also establishes new requirements for obtaining assistance to repair, restore, reconstruct, or replace damaged facilities, including a requirement that private nonprofit organizations that do not provide critical services must apply for Small Business Administration disaster loans before they can receive disaster assistance from FEMA. It also reduces the amount of federal assistance that will be provided to eligible public or private facilities that have been damaged more than once in the past 10 years and have failed to mitigate the hazard.
Communities that suffer a substantial loss of tax and other revenues as a result of a major disaster and have demonstrated a need for financial assistance in order to perform governmental functions may still receive disaster loans of up to $5 million.
The Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) remains and still allows up to 15% of total disaster assistance funds to be used for a specific hazard mitigation measure. However, a state, local, or tribal government may be eligible for up to 20% federal funding if the state has an established mitigation plan in place at the time of a presidentially declared disaster.
The legislation requires the president to establish an interagency task force, chaired by the FEMA director, for coordinating the implementation of predisaster hazard mitigation programs. The task force must include representatives from federal agencies; state, local, and tribal governments; and the American Red Cross. The president may require safe land-use and construction practices as a condition of funding. The legislation also delegates to qualified states the authority to administer the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program.
The act authorizes the president to provide grants, equipment, supplies, and personnel to any state or local government for the mitigation, management, and control of "any fire on public or private forest land or grassland that threatens such destruction as would constitute a major disaster." This section will take effect in one year, after the president prescribes necessary regulations for its implementation.
Finally, Congress also requires FEMA to conduct a study of participation by Indian tribes in emergency management, including training, predisaster, and postdisaster mitigation, disaster preparedness, and disaster recovery at federal and state levels. The study is to assess the capacity of tribes "to participate in [and administer] cost-shared emergency management programs."
The complete text of this legislation can be obtained from any federal repository library or from the Library of Congress Web site: http://thomas.loc.gov. Additional information should be available from the FEMA Office of Public Affairs, 500 C Street, S.W., Washington, DC 20472; (202) 646-4600; fax: (202) 646-4086; e-mail: eipa@fema.gov; WWW: http://www.fema.gov.
On November 9, 2000, the Forest Service announced its new strategy in the report Protecting People and Sustaining Resources in Fire-Adapted Ecosystems - A Cohesive Strategy, most of which is contained in the Federal Register (Vol. 65, No. 218, pp. 67480-67511). The strategy maintains that in certain ecosystems, some fire at appropriate intensity, frequency, and time of year should be used as part of a forest management strategy to protect and sustain watersheds, species, and other natural resources, as well as to produce safer forests and grasslands for firefighters and the public.
The report provides recommendations regarding improving firefighter readiness, educating the public, rehabilitating watersheds, reducing hazardous fuels, restoring ecological systems, collaborating with other levels of government and the public, monitoring effectiveness, transferring research and technology, and managing the impacts of wildfires on communities and the environment.
Again, much of the report can be found in the Federal Register on the pages listed above; the Federal Register is available on-line at http://www.access.gpo.gov. Additionally, copies of Protecting People and Sustaining Resources are available from the Director, Fire and Aviation Management Staff, Second Floor, S.W., Sidney R. Yates Federal Building, Mail Stop 1107, U.S. Forest Service, P.O. Box 96090, Washington, DC 20090-6090; WWW: http://www.fs.fed.us.
A companion report, Managing the Impact of Wildfires on Communities and the Environment: A Report to the President in Response to the Wildfires of 2000, has been made available via the White House Web site: http://www.whitehouse.gov/CEQ/firereport.html.
The final rule, which can be found in the Federal Register (Vol. 65, No. 198, pp. 60758-60794), more clearly defines what constitutes a building as opposed to a structure and offers other changes regarding which types of events are covered and what coverage is provided.
Copies of the final rule can be found at any federal repository library or on-line at http://www.access.gpo.gov. More information about the NFIP can be found on-line at http://www.fema.gov/nfip.
Proposals and applications in response to the Hurricane Floyd disaster will be accepted on a continuous basis until the funds have been expended. Proposals for other recent disasters must be received by May 21, 2001 to be considered for funding. Interested parties should contact the appropriate EDA regional office. Contact information is available from the Federal Register pages listed above .
The states and provinces recognized that many emergencies could exceed their individual capabilities and resources and that intergovernmental cooperation is essential in such circumstances in order to ensure prompt response and the full and effective utilization of resources. In early 2001, officials from the various states and provinces will begin establishing procedures, plans, and protocols to put the compact into effect.
The complete compact, outlining all duties, responsibilities, compensation arrangements, limitations, and requirements is available from the Canadian Intergovernmental Conference Secretariat Web site: http://www.scics.gc.ca/cinfo00/85007918_e.html.
Applications are being accepted for placement during the 2000-2001 fiscal year. The program is coordinated by the Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research (MCEER), headquartered at the State University of New York at Buffalo.
The program enables selected U.S. researchers to visit host institutions in the People's Republic of China for both short-term (1-2 week) and long-term (3, 6, or 12 month) intervals. Successful applicants will engage in cooperative research activities as outlined in Annex III to the U.S./PRC Protocol for Scientific and Technical Cooperative Research in Earthquake Studies, Earthquake Engineering, and Hazards Mitigation. The protocol objective is to develop safe, cost-effective engineering design methods and construction practices and other countermeasures to improve seismic safety. It also involves application of engineering knowledge of earthquake strong-ground motion, its effects on structures, and the dynamic behavior of soils, as well as mitigation measures, emergency management, social and economic effects, and education.
Some support for travel and subsistence will be provided by sponsors. No funding is provided for salaries. Length of funded exchange periods will be determined based on extent of research proposed. Exchanges are expected to begin as early as January 2001.
Completed applications must be accompanied by:
Cross-cultural sensitivity, tolerance to action research related chaos, and interest in community perspectives is expected. Excellent writing skills and ability to complete work in a systematic manner is essential. Local accommodation (modest) and costs of local travel can be covered.
DMI is a community-based disaster mitigation institute that tries to link projects, policy, and research in an effective way. DMI focuses on community action, local knowledge, organising victims, reaching out to the poor among victims, and encouraging new ideas and learning.
Selected DMI projects include:
http://www.iso.com/
http://www.iso.com/docs/news.htm
http://www.iso.com/docs/studies.htm
Each quarter, via their news service at the second URL above, the
Property Claim Service (PCS) Unit of Insurance Services Office, Inc.
(ISO) releases estimates of anticipated national insured catastrophe
losses for the entire insurance industry. ISO defines a catastrophe as
an event that causes $25 million or more in insured property losses
and affects a significant number of property/casualty policyholders
and insurers.
In addition, each year, ISO presents three to five timely studies on important issues facing the insurance industry and society as a whole. The "Studies" section of the ISO Web site includes detailed summaries of the most recent papers as well as information about how to purchase complete reports for a nominal fee. Some of the available summaries include:
http://www.ijc.org
Via its Web site, the International Joint Commission (IJC) has
released Living with the Red: A Report to the Governments of Canada
and the United States on Reducing Flood Impacts in the Red River
Basin.
The IJC cautions that, although the 1997 transboundary Red River flood was a rare event, floods of the same magnitude, or even greater, can be expected in the future. Economic damage in the United States and Canada from the 1997 flood approached $5 billion (U.S. dollars) and flood recovery and mitigation costs continue to grow.
While a significant number of flood mitigation actions have been initiated since 1997, the people and property of the Red River Basin will remain at undue risk until comprehensive, integrated, binational solutions are developed and implemented. Solutions for one part of the basin must take into account the impacts on other parts of the basin. Flood protection for population centers, as well as small communities and individual isolated farmsteads in the Red River Basin, needs immediate attention.
At the same time, the IJC found that there is no single solution to the challenge of protecting the people and property of the Red River Basin. Rather, all possible approaches, including both structural and nonstructural damage reduction measures, must be considered as part of a comprehensive plan. The IJC recommendations provide a blueprint for action for governments at all levels.
http://www.kingston.ac.uk/~ce_s011/landslid/slides.htm
On his personal Web site, Eddie Bromhead, Professor of
Geotechnical Engineering, School of Engineering, Kingston University,
U.K., maintains this section with numerous photos, maps, and diagrams
of landslides and landslide mitigation measures.
http://www.wn.org/newsevents.asp
http://www.wn.org/Mitch.pdf
World Neighbors is a nonprofit, charitable organization that works
with rural poor in 18 countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America to
strengthen the ability of individuals and communities to solve their
own problems of hunger, poverty, and disease. World Neighbors programs
integrate improved agriculture, community-based health and family
planning, environmental conservation, water and sanitation, and small
business.
At the second URL above, the organization recently published an extensive report on post-Hurricane Mitch recovery entitled Reasons for Resiliency: Toward a Sustainable Recovery after Hurricane Mitch. The basic premise is that much Hurricane Mitch damage was, fundamentally, human-caused and preventable - not an act of God. Funded by the Ford, Rockefeller, and Summit foundations, the study shows that land use in Central America amplified the storm's damage, whereas alternative farming methods can cut erosion by more than half, save topsoil, and reduce runoff.
http://www.cspo.org
http://www.cspo.org/projects/extremeevents/framework.html
http://www.esig.ucar.edu/extremes
The Center for Science, Policy, and Outcomes - a project of
Columbia University - is dedicated to rethinking the role of science
in society. In June 2000, CSPO and the Environmental and Societal
Impacts Group (ESIG) of the National Center for Atmospheric Research
(NCAR) sponsored a multidisciplinary workshop to consider an emerging
theme in recent scientific research - the role of extreme events in
complex natural and social systems. The goal of the workshop was to
examine those events through as many disciplinary and societal lenses
as possible, and to use these diverse perspectives to build a
comprehensive framework to guide research. An extensive summary of the
workshop is available from the second URL above; the complete report
from the third.
http://images.usace.army.mil/
Need a picture of flood, hurricane, or earthquake damage?
emergency responders in action? flood mitigation structures?
Take a look at the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers "Digital Visual
Library," which includes both a photo library and a graphic library.
The images are provided to visually communicate the programs and
projects of the Corps, as well as the events with which it must
contend. The searchable library includes photographs, illustrations,
artwork, clipart, logos, maps, and posters from around the world. New
images are added frequently.
http://www.aquarius.geomar.de/omc/omc_intro.html
Or perhaps you need a map? Why not create your own? It's easy on
this "Online Map Creation (OMC)" site - a great resource for students,
geographers, geologists, geophysicists, seismologists, or anyone else
needing a quick map for a talk or paper. This site allows a person to
create an on-line or downloadable map (in any of several different
projections) by simply entering the coordinates and defining the
qualities he or she would like to see, such as political boundaries,
rivers and lakes, cities, topography, tectonic features, seismic
faults, etc.
http://www.colorado.edu/hazards/annrpt/00annrpt.html
Over 2,400 people receive this newsletter, and another 15,000+
receive the Natural Hazards Observer, the Hazards Center's printed
periodical. The center's Web site now offers 58 Quick Response reports
and 11 Working Papers. If you would like more information about what
the Natural Hazards Center has been up to lately, including the titles
of all recent publications, see the Natural Hazards Research and
Applications Information Center 2000 Annual Report, now on-line at
the address above.
Earthquake Injury Data Collection for 1999 Urban Earthquakes. Funding: National Science Foundation, $75,000, 12 months. Principal Investigators: Kimberley I. Shoaf and Hope Seligson, Department of Public Health and Community Health Sciences, 36-070A CHS, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024-1301; (310) 794-6646; e-mail: kshoaf@ucla.edu.
Learning from Earthquakes. Funding: National Science Foundation, $299,995, 12 months. Principal Investigator: Susan Tubbesing, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute (EERI), 499 14th Street, Suite 320, Oakland, CA 94612-1920; (510) 451-0905; fax: (510) 451-5411; e-mail: eeri@eeri.org.
Electronic Encyclopedia of Earthquakes. Funding: National Science Foundation, $86,867, 24 months. Principal Investigators: Thomas L. Henyey, David W. Simpson, Thomas H. Jordan, Robert K. Reitherman, and Jean-Bernard Minster, University of Southern California, Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC), Department of Earth Sciences, University Park, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0742; (213) 740-3459; fax: (213) 740-0011; e-mail: henyey@earth.usc.edu.
Digital Government: Testbed for High-Speed "End-to-End" Communications in Support of Comprehensive Emergency Management. Funding: National Science Foundation, $125,000. Principal Investigators: Charles W. Bostian and Scott F. Midkiff, Electrical and Computer Engineering, 340 Whittemore, Virginia Polytechnic University, Blacksburg, VA 24061; (540) 231-5096; e-mail: bostian@vt.edu.
Ground Deformation Due to Fault Rupture and Liquefaction During the 1999 Kocaeli and Duzce, Turkey, Earthquakes. Funding: National Science Foundation, $40,000, 12 months. Principal Investigator: Jean-Pierre Bardet, Civil and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90081; (213) 740-0608; fax: (213) 744-1426; e-mail: bardet@usc.edu.
(Subscriptions to the Journal of Floodplain Management are $45.00/year, plus $5.00 shipping in the U.S. and $20.00 shipping overseas. To subscribe, contact FMA at the address above.)
Oklahoma State University
OSU offers an Environmental Management Ph.D. Program with a focus
on Disaster and Emergency Management. This focus area requires a
minimum of 60 hours beyond the masters degree (including a minimum of
36 hours of coursework) or 90 hours beyond the bachelors degree (with
a minimum of 69 hours of coursework), plus a dissertation. For more
information, contact: Talya Henderson, Program Coordinator,
Environmental Science Graduate Program, 002 Life Science East,
Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078-3011; 1-888-477-7422
or (405) 744-9229; fax: (405) 744-7673; e-mail: talyah@okstate.edu;
WWW: http://www.seic.okstate.edu/envinst/envisci.
Natural Disasters Roundtable: Forum on Urban/Wildland Fire. Host: National Academy of Science. Washington, D.C.: January 26, 2001. Contact: Patricia Jones Kershaw, Natural Disasters Roundtable, National Research Council, 2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20418; (202) 334-1964; fax: (202) 334-1961; e-mail: pjones@nas.edu.
Forum on Risk Management and Assessment of Natural Hazards. Sponsors: National Science and Technology Council, Committee on Natural Disaster Reduction; and Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorological Services and Supporting Research. Washington, D.C.: February 5-6, 2001. Contact: Cynthia Ann Nelson, Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorological Services and Supporting Research (OFCM), Suite 1500, 8455 Colesville Road, Silver Spring, MD 20910; (301) 427-2002; fax: (301) 427-2007; e-mail: Cynthia.Nelson@noaa.gov; WWW: http://www.ofcm.gov/.
Fire Suppression Symposium. Sponsor: National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Research Foundation. Orlando, Florida: February 7- 9, 2001. Contact: Eric Peterson, NFPA, Research Foundation; (617) 984- 7281.
National Emergency Management Association (NEMA) Mid-Year Conference. Arlington, Virginia: February 10-14, 2001. Contact: Tina Hembree, NEMA, P.O. Box 11910, Lexington, KY 40578; (606) 244-8162; fax: (606) 244-8239; e-mail: thembree@csg.org; WWW: http://www.nemaweb.org.
Enterprise, Risk and the Management of Uncertainty - An Internet Conference. Organized by: White Rose Centre for Enterprise, in partnership with the Centre for Risk and Crisis Management, Sheffield University. The Internet: March/April 2001. A call for papers has been issued. Both theoretical and empirical papers are invited. There will also be a doctoral track for students wishing to submit early research findings. Abstracts of no more than 250 words are due by December 31, 2000. Send submissions via e-mail to: E.L.Coles@sheffield.ac.uk or Denis.Smith@sheffield.ac.uk.
NOTE REVISED DATES:
Conference on Disaster Management with Special Sessions on Lessons
Learnt from the Orissa Cyclone and Gujarat-Rajasthan Drought.
Organized by: Civil Engineering Group, Birla Institute of Technology
and Science. Pilani, Rajasthan, India: March 5-7, 2001. Contact:
Satyendra P. Gupta, Civil Engineering Group, Birla Institute of
Technology and Science, Pilani, Rajasthan-333 031, India; tel: +91-
01596-45073; fax: +91-01596-44183; e-mail: spgupta@bits-pilani.ac.in;
WWW: http://www.bits-pilani.ac.in.
2001 National Hurricane Conference. Sponsors: Florida Shore and Beach Preservation Association and many others. Washington, D.C.: April 9-13, 2001. Contact: Florida Shore and Beach Preservation Association, 2952 Wellington Circle, Tallahassee, FL 32308; (850) 906-9224; fax: (850) 906-9228; e-mail: mail@hurricanemeeting.com; WWW: http://www.hurricanemeeting.com.
Second International Civil Engineering Conference in the Asian Region. Organizer: Asian Civil Engineering Coordinating Council. Tokyo, Japan: April 16-20, 2001. One of three conference tracks is "Sustainable Development, with Emphasis on Natural Hazard Reduction." For more information, see: http://www02.u-page.so-net.ne.jp/tg7/cecar/; or contact Noel Raufaste, American Society of Civil Engineers, 1801 Alexander Bell Drive, Reston, VA 20191-4400; ASCE; (703) 295-6169; e-mail: nraufaste@asce.org.
Nebraska Association of Emergency Management (NAEM) 2001 Emergency Management Conference. Kearney, Nebraska: April 20-22, 2001. Contact: Vickie Green, c/o Madison County Emergency Management, 1112 Bonita Drive, Norfolk, NE 68701; (402) 370-3580.
Association of State Dam Safety Officials (ASDSO) West Regional Conference. Anchorage, Alaska: May 2001 (dates to be announced). Abstracts due February 1, 2001. Contact: ASDSO, 450 Old Vine Street, Lexington, KY 40507; (859) 257-5140; fax: (859) 323-1958; e-mail: info@damsafety.org; WWW: http://www.damsafety.org.
Florida Governor's Hurricane Conference. Tampa, Florida: May 14-18, 2001. Contact: Governor's Hurricane Conference, P.O. Box 279, Tarpon Springs, FL 34688-0279; 1-800-544-5678 or (727) 944-2724; e-mail: flghc1@gte.net; WWW: http://www.flghc.org.
Michigan State Emergency Management Conference: "Disasters, Everyone's Business: Today's Challenges, Tomorrow's Solutions." Host: Emergency Management Division, Michigan Department of State Police. Novi, Michigan: May 31-June 1, 2001. Contact: Donna Korpal; (517) 333-5034; e-mail: korpald@state.mi.us; WWW: http://www.Mspemd.org.
Association of State Dam Safety Officials (ASDSO) Northeast Regional Conference. Hershey, Pennsylvania: June 6-8, 2001. Abstracts due February 16, 2001. Contact: ASDSO, 450 Old Vine Street, Lexington, KY 40507; (859) 257-5140; fax: (859) 323-1958; e-mail: info@damsafety.org; WWW: http://www.damsafety.org.
2001 International Disaster Management Training Course. Offered by:
Disaster Management Centre, Cranfield University. Faringdon,
Oxfordshire, U.K.: July 24-August 23, 2001. Closing date for
applications: June 23, 2001. Contact: Disaster Management Centre,
Cranfield University, RMCS, Shrivenham, Swindon, Wiltshire SN6 8LA,
U.K.; tel: +44 (0) 1793 785287; fax: +44 (0) 1793 785883; e-mail:
disprep@rmcs.cranfield.ac.uk; WWW:
http://www.rmcs.cranfield.ac.uk/dmc.
Note: the above training course will be immediately followed by the
Second Internationl Course on Training of Trainers (ToT) for Disaster
Management. August 27-August 31, 2001. Closing date for applications
is August 1, 2001. Contact the Disaster Management Centre at the
address above for additional information.
U.S. Committee on Large Dams (USCOLD) Annual Meeting and Lecture. Denver, Colorado: July 30-August 3, 2001. Contact: USCOLD, 1616 17th Street, Denver, CO 80203; (303) 628-5430; fax: (303) 628-5431; e-mail: stephens@ussdams.org; WWW: http://www2.privatei.com/~uscold/.
96th Annual Meeting of the American Sociological Association (ASA). Anaheim, California: August 18-21, 2001. Topics include disasters and social aspects of risk. A call for papers has been issued, and submissions are due January 10, 2001. For more information, see: http://www.asanet.org/convention/2001; or contact ASA Meeting Services, 1307 New York Avenue, N.W., Suite 700, Washington, DC 20005- 4701; (202) 383-9005, ext. 305; fax: (202) 638-0882; TDD: (202) 638- 0981; e-mail: meetings@asanet.org.
National Emergency Management Association (NEMA) Annual Conference. Big Sky Resort, Montana: September 8-12, 2001. Contact: Tina Hembree, NEMA, P.O. Box 11910, Lexington, KY 40578; (606) 244-8162; fax: (606) 244-8239; e-mail: thembree@csg.org; WWW: http://www.nemaweb.org.
Association of State Dam Safety Officials (ASDSO) Annual Conference. Snowbird Resort, Utah: September 9-12, 2001. Contact: ASDSO, 450 Old Vine Street, Lexington, KY 40507; (859) 257-5140; fax: (859) 323-1958; e-mail: info@damsafety.org; WWW: http://www.damsafety.org.
International Commission on Large Dams Annual Meeting. Dresden, Germany: September 9-15, 2001. See: http://www.icold-cigb.org.
International Exhibition and Conference on Asian Emergency Care and Defence Medicine - AEDM 2001. Organized by: PSA Exhibitions Pte Ltd. Singapore: September 27-29, 2001. Contact: PSA Exhibitions Ltd., Singapore Expo, 1 Expo Drive, Singapore 486150, Republic of Singapore; tel: (65) 580 8308; fax: (65) 580 8300; e-mail: hjpark@hq.psa.com.sg; WWW: http://www.psa.com.sg.
Canadian Dam Association Annual Conference: "Dams: Balancing Social, Environmental and Economic Impacts." Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada: September 30-October 4, 2001. Contact: CDA 2001 Annual Conference, c/o Fred Harriman, Hydro Region, NB Power Corporation, P.O. Box 2000, Station B, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada E3B 4X1; tel: (506) 462-3813; fax: (506) 462-3830; e-mail: cda2001@engineering.ca; WWW: http://www.cda.ca/cda2001/index.html.
Association of Engineering Geologists Annual Conference. St. Louis, Missouri: October 2-5, 2001. Contact: Jeffrey Keaton; (520) 282-2706; e-mail: jkeaton@agrous.com; WWW: http://aegweb.org.
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